NAME
fnmatch —
test whether a filename or pathname
matches a shell-style pattern
LIBRARY
Standard C Library (libc, -lc)
SYNOPSIS
#include
<fnmatch.h>
int
fnmatch(const
char *pattern, const char
*string, int
flags);
DESCRIPTION
The
fnmatch()
function matches patterns according to the rules used by the shell. It
checks the string specified by the string argument to
see if it matches the pattern specified by the pattern
argument.
The flags argument modifies the
interpretation of pattern and
string. The value of flags is
the bitwise inclusive OR of any of the following constants, which are
defined in the include file
<fnmatch.h>.
FNM_NOESCAPE- Normally, every occurrence of a backslash
(‘
\’) followed by a character in pattern is replaced by that character. This is done to negate any special meaning for the character. If theFNM_NOESCAPEflag is set, a backslash character is treated as an ordinary character. FNM_PATHNAME- Slash characters in string must be explicitly matched by slashes in pattern. If this flag is not set, then slashes are treated as regular characters.
FNM_PERIOD- Leading periods in string must be explicitly matched
by periods in pattern. If this flag is not set, then
leading periods are treated as regular characters. The definition of
“leading” is related to the specification of
FNM_PATHNAME. A period is always “leading” if it is the first character in string. Additionally, ifFNM_PATHNAMEis set, a period is leading if it immediately follows a slash. FNM_LEADING_DIR- Ignore “
/*” rest after successful pattern matching. FNM_CASEFOLD- Ignore case distinctions in both the pattern and the string.
RETURN VALUES
The fnmatch() function returns zero if
string matches the pattern specified by
pattern. It returns the value
FNM_NOMATCH if no match is found. Otherwise, another
non-zero value is returned on error.
LEGACY RETURN VALUES
The
fnmatch()
function returns zero if string matches the pattern
specified by pattern; otherwise, it returns the value
FNM_NOMATCH.
SEE ALSO
STANDARDS
The current implementation of the
fnmatch() function
does not
conform to IEEE Std 1003.2
(“POSIX.2”). Collating symbol expressions, equivalence
class expressions and character class expressions are not supported.
HISTORY
The fnmatch() function first appeared in
4.4BSD.
BUGS
The pattern ‘*’ matches the
empty string, even if FNM_PATHNAME is specified.